Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: Follicular dendritic cells help establish follicle identity and promote B cell retention in germinal centers

doi: 10.1084/jem.20111449

Figure Lengend Snippet: DTx-mediated selective FDC ablation disrupts B cell follicle architecture despite retention of CXCL13. Unimmunized CD21-DTR chimeras were control (Ctrl) or DTx treated 2 d before analysis of spleen (spl) and pLN sections. (A) Immunofluorescence analysis for BP3 + stromal cells, CD35 + FDCs, and IgD + follicular B cells. (B) In situ hybridization for Cxcl13 mRNA with serial sections stained for B220 and CD35 or for Cxcl13 and CD35. (C) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis for Cxcl13 , Cr1 (CD35), Mfge8 , and Tnsf13B (BAFF) mRNA in pLNs, spleen, and mLNs, normalized to Hprt mRNA. Data are representative of four experiments (mean ± SEM). Statistical analysis was performed with the two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. *, P < 0.05; n.s., not significant. (D) Immunohistochemical analysis for CXCL13 and CD3 or B220 in serial sections of spleen and pLNs. Data in A, B, and D are representative of at least three experiments (at least two mice of each type per experiment). Bars: (A [left] and B [left and middle]) 200 µm; (A and D, right) 100 µm; (B [right] and D [left]) 50 µm.

Article Snippet: Cryosections of 7 µm were fixed and stained immunohistochemically as previously described ( ) with the following first antibodies: PE-conjugated anti-IgD (11-26c.2a; BD), biotin-conjugated anti-CD35 (8C12; BD), rat anti–mouse fibroblast (ER-TR7; Novus Biologicals), rabbit anti–mouse Collagen IV (Abcam), rat anti–mouse B220 (RA-6B2; BD), biotin-conjugated anti–T/B cell activation antigen or Ly77 (GL7; BD), biotin conjugated anti–mouse CD3e (145-2C11; BD), goat anti–mouse CXCL13 (R&D Systems), goat anti–mouse CCL21 (R&D Systems), rat anti-CD169 (Ser4; P. Crocker, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK), rat anti–mouse madcam-1 (MECA-367; BD), rat anti–mouse FDC (FDC-M1; BD), and FITC-conjugated rat anti–mouse CD16/32 (FcγRII/III; UCSF Hybridoma Core).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, In Situ Hybridization, Staining, Quantitative RT-PCR, Two Tailed Test, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: The Journal of Clinical Investigation

Article Title: Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue–resident Foxp3 + T lymphocytes prevent antibody-mediated lung rejection

doi: 10.1172/JCI122083

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Foxp3+ (green), B cells (blue), and CD4+ T cells (red) in BALB/c lungs at least 30 days after transplantation into immunosuppressed B6 Foxp3-IRES GFP recipient (n = 3). Scale bar: 10 μm. CXCR5+ B cells from secondary host (recipient) in BALB/c lungs, initially transplanted into immunosuppressed (B) WT or (C) Foxp3-DTR B6 (CD45.2+) recipient and, at least 30 days later, retransplanted into DT-treated B6 CD45.1+ hosts. Plots are gated on live CD45.2–CD45.1+ cells. (D) CD45.1+CXCR5+ B cells in (circles) control and (inverted triangles) Foxp3+ T cell–depleted lungs 7 days after retransplantation (n = 4 each). CXCL13 (brown) in (E) control and (F) Foxp3+ T cell–depleted grafts 7 days after retransplantation. Scale bars: 100 μm. CD4+ T cells (green) and B cells (blue) in BALB/c lungs, initially transplanted into immunosuppressed B6 Foxp3-DTR recipients and, at least 30 days later, retransplanted into B6 hosts, treated with (G) DT/control-Ig (arrows: CD4+ T–B cell interactions) or (H) DT/anti-CXCL13 (n = 2 each) (red, quantum dots). Scale bars: 20 μm. (I) Contact duration between CD4+ T and B cells, (J) CD4+ T, and (K) B cell mean square displacements and (L) CD4+ T and (M) B cell velocities within retransplanted Foxp3+ T cell–depleted BALB/c lungs with and without CXCL13 inhibition. (N) Gross, (O) histological appearance (H&E), staining for (P) MT (blue), (Q) CCSP (red), and AcT (green) in BALB/c lungs, transplanted into immunosuppressed B6 Foxp3-DTR mice and, at least 30 days later, retransplanted into DT- and anti-CXCL13–treated B6 hosts. Scale bars: 100 μm. (R) Donor-specific IgM titers after retransplantation of BALB/c lungs into DT-treated control (blue) or DT/anti-CXCL13 antibody–treated (red) B6 recipients after initial engraftment into immunosuppressed B6 Foxp3-DTR mice (n = 4 mice per group). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the means.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used were rabbit monoclonal anti-human Foxp3 (clone SP97, 1:400, Novus), rabbit polyclonal anti-mouse CXCL13 (1:100, Bioss), and rat monoclonal anti-mouse PNAd (clone MECA-79, 1:100, BD Biosciences).

Techniques: Transplantation Assay, Inhibition, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) A PCR array was used to detect the expression of 84 cytokines/chemokines in eight highly polluted region (HPR) lung cancers. ( B ) The ratios of CXCL13 in tumor samples to their counterpart normal lung tissues from both the HPR and control region (CR) non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). ( C ) Comparison of the CXCL13 tumor /CXCL13 normal values of the HPR patients with the CR cases. ( D, E ) CXCL13 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in HPR and CR patients ( D ), and the immunoreactivity score was calculated ( E ). ( F ) Western blot analyses of lysates from the tumors and adjacent normal lung tissues harvested from CR NSCLCs. ( G ) The concentrations of CXCL13 in the blood samples from healthy donors (HDs) and HPR and CR patients were detected by ELISA. ( H, I ) CXCL13 expression in Oncomine reports. ( H ) CXCL13 expression was detected by microarrays in tumor samples and normal lung tissues. AD, adenocarcinoma; A+S, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma; Ca, Canada; It, Italy; Jp, Japan; SC, squamous cell carcinoma; Tw, Taiwan, China. ( I ) The expression of CXCL13 was detected in tumor tissues of smokers and non-smokers. ( J ) In mouse Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets, the expression of cxcl13 in indicated mice was detected by microarray. ( K ) The relationship between the CXCL13 expression and the tumor stages of lung cancer patients. ( L ) Overall survival of 54 CR patients (see for their baseline demographic characteristics). The median follow-up was 1087 days (range, 187–1845 days). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.003 10.7554/eLife.09419.004 Figure 1—source data 1. Sequences of primers for real-time PCR and ChIP, and siRNA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.004

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Microarray, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Baseline demographic characteristics of 54 control region (CR) lung cancer patients whose survival information was available. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.008

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Baseline demographic characteristics of the 201 patients who underwent CXCL13 analyses. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.006

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multivariate logistic analyses of the association between CXCL13 high expression and clinical characteristics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.007

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) A PCR array analysis of the expression of 84 cytokines/chemokines in 16HBE normal lung epithelial cells treated with 1 μM BaP for 30 days. ( B ) The cells were treated with BaP at 10 μM for indicated time points or with the indicated concentrations for 72 hr, and CXCL13 expression was assessed by real-time RT-PCR. The experiments were conducted in triplicate and repeated three times. The error bars represent the SD. ( C ) The cells were treated with BaP as described in ( B ), and the concentration of CXCL13 in the supernatants was evaluated by ELISA. ( D ) The A/J mice were treated with BaP and/or dexamethasone (DEX) for 5 weeks (see also ) and sacrificed 6 months later. The lung tissues were isolated and analyzed by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining or immunohistochemistry (IHC) using an anti-Cxcl13 antibody (left panel). The immunoreactivity score was calculated (right panel). ( E ) Cxcl13 expression was detected in the lung tissues by real-time PCR. ( F ) The concentration of Cxcl13 in mouse serum was assayed by ELISA. ( G ) IHC assays of mice’ lung tumor tissues using anti-Cd68, anti-Ttf1, and anti-Cxcl13 antibodies. ( H ) Immunofluorescence assay of mice’ lung tumor tissues using antibodies against Cxcl13 (green), Cd68 (red), and Ttf1 (white). 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used to stain the nucleus (blue). ( I ) The survival curves of the mice treated with BaP and/or DEX (n=8 for each group). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.009

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Isolation, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Immunofluorescence

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The AhR binding site is located at 1.7 kb downstream of the CXCL13 transcription start site (TSS). ( B ) A chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed in BaP-treated or untreated 16HBE cells. The enriched CXCL13 was detected by qPCR. ( C ) The A549 cells were transfected with the wild-type (WT) or mutant (deletion mutation (mut) in the XRE-like sequence) CXCL13 promoter-luciferase reporter construct, treated with BaP and/or α-NF for 48 hr, and assessed by the luciferase assays. ( D, E ) A549 cells were transfected with AhR-specific siRNAs, and western blot was performed to detect the expression of AhR. Three siRNAs were used, and the result of one was shown ( D ). Luciferase assays were performed in A549 cells transfected with the WT CXCL13 promoter-luciferase reporter construct and siRNAs in the absence or presence of BaP ( E ). ( F, G ) Western blot analyses of AhR in the cytoplasm and nucleus of 16HBE cells co-incubated with BaP, with or without α-NF treatment ( F ) or siRNA transfections ( G ). ( H, I ) Immunofluorescence assays of AhR expression in 16HBE cells co-incubated with BaP, with or without α-NF treatment ( H ) or siRNA transfections ( I ). ( J, K ) CXCL13 mRNA (detected by qPCR; J ) and protein (in supernatants of the cells detected by ELISA; K ) levels in the AhR-silenced 16HBE cells treated with BaP and/or α-NF. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.011

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Transfection, Mutagenesis, Sequencing, Luciferase, Construct, Western Blot, Expressing, Incubation, Immunofluorescence, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The expression of Cxcl13 in the mice. (B) Schematic represents the protocols for administration of BaP in the mice. ( C ) The expression of Cxcr5 in the mice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.013

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Cxcl13 deficiency mice were treated with BaP, sacrificed 120 days, 180 days or 240 days later, and the tumor nodules in histologic sections were analyzed. See also . ( B ) MicroCT scanning images and HE staining of lung sections from the BaP-treated Cxcl13 wild-type (WT) or knockout mice. ( C ) Tumor volume of the microCT scanning of the mice. ( D ) Serum concentrations of Cxcl13 in the BaP-treated Cxcl13 WT or knockout mice. ( E ) Life span of the BaP-treated Cxcl13 +/+ , Cxcl13 +/- , and Cxcl13 -/- mice. ( F, G ) Cxcr5 expression in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs, n=24; F) and in A/J mice treated with BaP (n=6 for each group; G ). ( H ) Cxcr5 deficiency mice were treated with BaP, sacrificed 120 days, 180 days or 240 days later, and the tumor nodules in histologic sections were analyzed. See also . ( I ) MicroCT scanning images and HE staining of lung sections from BaP-treated Cxcr5 WT or knockout mice. ( J ) Tumor volume of the microCT scanning of the mice. ( K ) Life span of the BaP-treated Cxcr5 WT or knockout mice. *p<0.05; **p<0.01. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.012

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Staining, Knock-Out, Expressing

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A, B ) Flow cytometry analysis of Cd68 + macrophages in BaP-induced tumors. A representative gating is shown. The numbers indicate the Cd68 + cells in the quadrant expressed as the percentage of the total Cd45+ leukocytes from the same tumor ( A ). The means+SD of the Cd68 + cells from the mice (n=10 for each group) are shown ( B ). See also . ( C ) IHC analysis of CD68 + macrophages in tumor samples from BaP-treated mice and highly polluted region (HPR) patients. ( D ) Flow cytometry analysis of Cd68 + macrophages isolated from tumor samples of mice treated with 50 mg/kg BaP using an anti-Cxcr5 antibody. ( E ) Immunofluorescence analysis of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor samples from HPR patients and THP-1 cells using anti-CD68 and anti-CXCR5 antibodies; DAPI was used to counterstain the nucleus. ( F ) A trans-well migration assay was performed by plating THP-1 cells in the lower chambers, and the indicated cells in the upper chambers, with or without anti-CXCR5 antibody. ( G, H ) Bioluminescent assays of mice that were inoculated with A549- Luciferase (Luc) or A549-Luc-CXCL13 cells (8×10 5 ) in the right lung. THP-1 cells (8×10 5 ) were injected via the tail vein. Representative images ( G ) and total luminous flux ( H ) were shown. ( I ) Lung sections of the mice were stained with HE. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.014

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Isolation, Immunofluorescence, Migration, Luciferase, Injection, Staining

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The pathway analysis of CXCL13 associated genes. The data from the microarray data sets of the eight highly polluted region (HPR) lung cancers are shown. See also . ( B ) Gene ranking according to the correlation with CXCL13 expression. The genes were filtered based on extracellular localization to identify paracrine mediators. The list on the right shows the genes that correlate most significantly with CXCL13 . ( C ) The mRNA expression of the candidate gene was detected in THP-1 cells by qPCR. ( D ) The concentration of SPP1 in supernatants of THP-1 cells in the absence or presence of CXCL13. ( E ) Trans-well migration assays were performed by plating THP-1 cells (transfected with siSPP1 or siNC) in the lower chambers, and the indicated cells (CXCL13-treated or untreated) in the upper chambers. ( F ) Spp1 serum concentrations of mice treated with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and/or dexamethasone (DEX) were detected by ELISA. ( G ) Spp1 expression in lung section of mice treated with BaP and/or DEX was determined by IHC. ( H ) IHC assays using antibodies against Cd68, Ttf1, and Spp1. ( I ) Immunofluorescence assay using antibodies against Spp1 (green), Cd68 (red), and Ttf1 (white). DAPI was used to stain the nucleus (blue). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.016 10.7554/eLife.09419.017 Figure 6—source data 1. CXCL13 -associated genes in lung cancer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.017

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Microarray, Expressing, Concentration Assay, Migration, Transfection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: eLife

Article Title: The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution

doi: 10.7554/eLife.09419

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The expression of indicated genes in lung tissues from A/J mice treated with BaP and/or dexamethasone (DEX) was detected by real-time PCR. ( B ) Western blot analyses of lysates of lung tissues from A/J mice treated with BaP and/or DEX. ( C ) Western blot analyses of cytoplasmic and nucleic protein fractions of lung tissues from A/J mice treated with BaP and/or DEX, using indicated antibodies. ( D ) Western blot analysis of lysates of lung tissues from NOD/SCID mice injected with indicated cells. ( E ) Western blot analyses of cytoplasmic and nucleic protein fractions in lung tissues from NOD/SCID mice injected with indicated cells. ( F ) Western blot analyses of lysates of lung tissues from Cxcr5 mutant mice treated with BaP. ( G ) IHC assays for the expression of β–catenin in Cxcr5 mutant mice upon BaP. ( H ) Immunofluorescence analyses of β-catenin in A549 cells transfected with control vector (V) or SPP1, or treated with THP-1 supernatant (Mϕs.) or supernatant of THP-1 cells co-incubated with CXCL13 (M13s.). ( I ) Western blot analyses of cytoplasmic and nucleic protein fractions of A549 cells transfected with control vector (V) or SPP1, or treated with Mϕs. or M13s. ( J ) Real-time PCR assays of indicated genes in A549 cells transfected with control vector or SPP1, or treated with Mϕs. or M13s. ( K ) Western blot analyses of lysates of A549 cells transfected with control vector (V) or SPP1, or treated with Mϕs. or M13s, using indicated antibodies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09419.018

Article Snippet: The antibodies used in this work were: recombinant human CXCL13, human CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL13 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse CXCL12 Quantikine ELISA Kit, mouse anti-human CXCR5-PE mAb, goat anti-human CXCL13 polyclonal Ab, goat anti-mouse CXCL13 polyclonal Ab (R&D, Minneapolis, MN), rat anti-mouse CD68-PE, rat anti-mouse CD45-APC, rat anti-mouse CD4-PerCP-CY5.5, rat anti-mouse CD19-FITC, rat anti-mouse CXCR5-PE/CY7 mAb (Biolegend, San Diego, CA), mouse anti-human CD68 mAb (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), rabbit anti-mouse SPP1 polyclonal Ab (Proteintech, Chicago, IL), anti-TTF1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-mouse E-Cadherin mAb, EMT Antibody Sampler Kit (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), rabbit anti-human AhR polyclonal Ab, goat anti-human Lamin B polyclonal Ab, mouse anti-human ɑ-tubulin mAb (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), mouse anti-human β-actin antibody (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey anti-Goat IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 555 Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L), Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (Life Technology, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Basingstoke, UK), and mouse SPP1 ELISA Kit (Shanghai GenePharma, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Injection, Mutagenesis, Immunofluorescence, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Incubation